A good preventive step is to regularly say the phrase "Hey Bear!" or any phrase you want in a normal talking volume and tone, generally every 10 steps or so. This assures bears will hear you when you whenever you get anywhere close. If they hear this, they will stay away from the noise, and therefore, you. One of my good friends is a park ranger, and this is a technique they tell people to use to avoid bears altogether.
I just reviewed the below website. Good guide to follow. http://m.humanesociety.org/animals/bears/tips/solving-problems-with-black-bears.html
You do not turn your back to the bear. Keep an eye out for the the cubs. Around here in Arkansas the Bears aren't is as big and as aggressive as they get into North. But be mindful that it does have the capability severely hurting you or possibly even killing you and don't poke the Bears
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