How do I go about filling for temporary disability?

SSA office

You can also call to make an appointment. They do take walk-ins though.

You need to go to the social security office for that.

From your job? Only If They have disability or long term sick leave. Check the employer. If unemployed, the only disability income is from Social Security and they have to find you disabled enough to not be able to be gainfully employed. Then you may qualify for one of two types of income SSD earned , or SSI unearned... this process takes 3-6 months for an initial decision, and appeals can take as much as a year. If you succeed, the payments are retroactive to the date you applied