Do you need to be a member to buy eye glasses?

Not totally sure about glasses, but I know that pharmacy is accessible to nonmembers for additional fee.

Yes, to get any stuff from Costco you need to get membership

Does Costco have 1 day passes like Sam's club?

Yes, even for the eye glasses

Yes

Yes membership needed to purchase eyeglasses,contacts, or eye exam

To buy glasses you have to be a member.